Buddha, meaning “The Awakened One,” is a title rather than a name. It most commonly refers to Siddhartha Gautama, a spiritual teacher and founder of Buddhism who lived in the 5th–6th century BCE in present-day Nepal and India.
Siddhartha Gautama was born into royalty but renounced his privileged life in search of liberation from suffering. After years of ascetic practice and meditation, he attained enlightenment (nirvana) under the Bodhi tree. From that point, he became the Buddha and began teaching the Dharma—the path to awakening and liberation from the cycle of birth, death, and rebirth (samsara).
The Buddha is not considered a god in most Buddhist traditions but rather a fully enlightened being who realized the true nature of reality. He is revered for his wisdom, compassion, and the teachings he shared, including the Four Noble Truths and the Eightfold Path.
In some esoteric or Mahayana traditions, multiple Buddhas exist—such as Amitabha (Buddha of Infinite Light) or Vairocana (cosmic Buddha)—representing enlightened aspects of consciousness and the universe. In these contexts, Buddha is seen as both a historical figure and an archetypal spiritual force guiding beings toward liberation.